SYPHILIS

Syphilis is becoming more common in New Zealand.

梅毒在新西兰越来越普遍。

 

WHAT IS SYPHILIS?

什么是梅毒？

 

Syphilis is sexually transmitted bacterial infection of the genital, mouth and anus. It enters the body through tiny breaks in the skin mainly the genital area or the mouth.

梅毒是生殖器，口腔和肛门的细菌感染的性传播疾病。病菌通过微小皮肤破口，主要是通过生殖器部位或口腔进入身体。

 

 

HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE SYPHILIS?

怎样知道我是否患有梅毒？

 

Many people infected with Syphilis do not have any symptoms. For those who do get symptoms, Syphilis is divided into three stages; primary, secondary and tertiary.

许多人感染上梅毒却没有任何症状。梅毒分为三个阶段，初级、二级和三级， 在这些感染中可以有症状。

 

Primary symptoms include:

初级症状包括：

• A painless sore on the genitals or other sites of sexual contact (e.g. cervix, mouth or anus). The sore usually appears 3-4 weeks (sometime longer) after infection. The sore disappears on its own accord after a few weeks.

• 在生殖器或性接触处的无痛性溃疡（如子宫颈，口腔或肛门）。通常溃疡在感染后 3-4 周出现（有时会更长）。溃疡在几周后自行消失。

• Swelling of the glands in the groin area.

• 腹股沟区淋巴结肿胀。

 

Secondary symptoms include:

二级梅毒的症状包括：

 

 

• A rash about 6 weeks after infection may appear on the body, face, arms, palms of hands and soles of the feet. The rash lasts up to 4-6 six weeks and may be obvious or very mild that it goes unnoticed.

• 感染 6 周后皮疹可能出现在身体、脸、手臂、手掌和脚掌。皮疹持续多达

4-6 星期，可能是明显或非常轻微的，它不会被注意到。

• One or more of the following symptoms may also present: mouth ulcers, headache, swollen glands, fever, hair loss, general tiredness, flat warty growth in the genital or anal region.

• 下列一个或多个症状也可能存在：口腔溃疡，头痛，淋巴结肿大，发热，脱发，普通疲倦，扁平疣会在生殖器或肛门部位生长。

 

IMPORTANT: A person in primary or secondary stage of syphilis is very infectious because the sores and rashes are full of syphilis bacteria. There is a very high chance of infecting a sexual partner. After two years the person is usually not infectious to others.

重点：初级或二级阶段的梅毒，传染性非常强，因为溃疡和皮疹，充满了梅毒病菌。性伴侣有非常高的感染机会。梅毒感染后两年通常是不会传染的。

 

 

 

Tertiary symptoms include:

三级梅毒症状包括：

• Damage to the heart, brain and the nerves of the spinal cord in about a third of people - if not treated at an earlier stage. Treatment will prevent further damage to organs but will not repair any damage that has already taken place.

• 大约三分之一的人有心脏，大脑和脊髓神经的损害-如果不是在较早阶段的治疗。治疗将防止进一步损害器官，但不会修复任何已经发生的损害。

 

 

HOW IS IT CAUGHT?

是怎样感染上这个疾病的？

 

Syphilis may be passed on:

梅毒可能的感染途径：

• By close sexual contact with an infected person. This may include vaginal, anal or oral sex or just close skin-to-skin contact.

• 通过与感染者发生密切的性接触。这可能包括阴道，肛门或口交或只是皮肤与皮肤的接触。

• From mother to baby during pregnancy (Syphilis can cause miscarriage or still-birth).

• 由感染母亲在怀孕期间传给婴儿（梅毒可引起流产或死胎）。

 

CAN SYPHILIS BE TREATED?

梅毒可以治疗吗？

 

Diagnosis and Treatment

诊断和治疗

 

Yes, if caught early it can be treated using a singular intramuscular long acting   Benzathine penicillin. The earlier it is treated the better. If untreated it can cause  serious damage

 

Diagnosis is made by a blood test for antibodies or samples from the sores, to be sent for laboratory analysis. Ask your doctor or nurse if you can be tested for syphilis when having a check-up. It can take up to three months to develop antibodies, so the tests may be negative early on. After treatment, follow-up blood tests are essential for at least one year to ensure the treatment has been successful.

是的，如果可以早期发现，使用抗菌素Benzathine 盘尼西林，采取多次肌肉注射的治疗方式。发现越早，治疗效果越好。如果不采取治疗措施，对身体造成的伤害非常大。

诊断是由血液或从溃疡处取样本，送往实验室分析检测抗体。咨询你的医生或护士，你是否可有梅毒的检测。抗体的生成可能需要长达 3 个月的时间，因此，早期测试可能是阴性。治疗后，至少在一年内继续血液的检测是重要的， 必不可少的，以确保得到了痊愈的治疗。

 

 

WHAT ABOUT MY PARTNER?

我的性伴侣要怎样做？

If you have been diagnosed with syphilis all your sexual partners from the last few months must be advised to visit their doctor or local clinic.

如果你被诊断为梅毒，建议所有过去几个月的性伴侣必须去看医生或到当地的诊所就诊。

 

• If you had sex with them while the rash or sore was present they will usually need treatment.

• 如果你曾与他们发生性关系，而有过皮疹，喉咙痛，通常他们都需要治疗。

• You should not have sex until your rash or sore clears up because you remain infectious for some time after treatment. This is the only way to control the disease and protect the health of sexual partners.

 

• 直到你清除了你的皮疹或溃疡，你不应该有性行为，因为感染会在治疗后存在一段时间。这是唯一的方式来控制疾病和保护性伴侣的健康。

• Anyone who has had sex with an infected person in the past must be tested and treated if necessary.

• 任何人曾与感染者有过性的接触，如果必要的话，必须检查和治疗，。

 

 

 

HOW CAN I PROTECT MYSELF AND MY CLIENT FROM SYPHILIS?

我要怎样保护我自己和客人不感染上梅毒？

 

Prevention is by use of:

预防措施：

• Dental dams if the client wants to go down on you to create a barrier between the mouth and vagina or anal areas during sex.

• 如果客户想要继续下去，性交时在你的口腔，阴道或肛门之间的领域使用口腔膜形成一个屏障。

• Condoms during vaginal, anal or oral sex and having regular sexual health check-ups.

• 在阴道、肛门或口交时使用避孕套和常规性健康检查

 

 

 

COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS

常见问题

 

 

Can I work with Syphilis?

 

患有梅毒我可以工作吗？

 

Syphilis is very contagious. If you work use protection when having sex or wait until the infection clears with the antibiotic treatment prescribed by your doctor.

梅毒的传染性非常强，如果你在性活动时使用保护措施，或者等到用了医生的抗生素处方药治疗后，彻底的清除了感 染。

 

 

 

Do I need to tell my boss？

 

 

我需要告诉我的老板吗？

 

Your boss only needs to know that you are sick and need time off from work. If you need a doctor's note instruct the doctor to not include the diagnosis and to specify the number of days you need off from work.

你的老板只需要知道你有病，需要停止工作。如果你需要医生的证明，让医生不泄露诊断，但你要按指定的天数停止工作。

 

 

 

Do I have to stop working?

 

我需要停止工作吗？

 

It is recommended that you take time off work until you have cleared the infection. If you rest you will be able to recover faster.

建议你停止工作，直到你彻底的清楚了感染。如果你给你自己休息，你会愈合得比较快。

 

 

 

Should I tell my clients?

 

 

我应该告诉我的客人吗？

 

Since you will always use protection when having sex you shouldn't need to tell the client your current sexual health status. However, if a condom breaks during sex you should advise the client to get a sexual health check-up.

由于在你有性活动时，将始终使用保护措施，你不需要告诉客户你目前的性健康状况。但是，如果在性交时避孕套破 裂，你应该建议客户进行性健康检查。

 

 

 

 

 

MORE INFORMATION?

更多的信息

 

Contact NZPC, your local Sexual Health Clinic or Family Planning Association.

与新西兰妓女组织，你所在地的性健康门诊或计划生育委员会联系