GONORRHOEA AND CHLAMYDIA

Although Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia are quite similar bacterial infections and Sexual Health staff are used to finding people infected with them both, this doesn’t seem to be the pattern at the moment. Both infections can have no or only mild symptoms but their long-term results can be devastating. The internal inflammation they cause also make you much more susceptible to HIV and other sexually transmissible infections.

虽然淋病，衣原体是相类似的细菌感染，性健康工作人员通常在感染者中寻找这两种感染病菌。目前似乎并没有成为一种规范。这两种感染也没有或只有轻微症状，但其长期结果可以是毁灭性的。它可引起内部的炎症，且还让你更容易感染艾滋病毒和其它性传染疾病。

 

 

WHAT IS GONORRHOEA?

什么是淋病？

 

Gonorrhoea is a bacterium that can infect the vagina, penis, throat and rectum. It often presents no symptoms and if left untreated it can result in female and male infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease (PIV), heart problems, fever, painful joints and rashes.

淋病是一种细菌，可以感染阴道，阴茎，喉咙和直肠。它通常没有任何症状， 如果不加治疗，可导致女性和男性不育症，盆腔炎症（PIV），心脏病，发 烧，关节疼痛和皮疹。

 

 

HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE GONORRHOEA?

如何知道我是否患有淋病？

 

Signs and symptoms for women include:

 

女性症状包括：

• Irritating vaginal discharge.                 ·   外阴刺激阴道流液。

• Anal discharge.                                     ·   肝门流液。

• Pain while passing urine.                     ·   小便时疼痛。

• Pain during bowel movements.          ·   大便时疼痛。

• Pain during sex.                                    ·   性交疼痛。

 

• Lower abdominal pain (pelvic pain).

 

• 下腹疼痛（盆腔疼痛）。

 

• Irregular menstrual bleeding.              ·   月经不规则

 

 

 

Signs and symptoms for men include:

男性症状包括：

• A thick milky discharge from the penis. There may be a slight crusting on the end of the penis from the discharge and in uncircumcised men the discharge may cause reddening and irritation of the penis.

 

 

 

 

• 阴茎有厚厚的乳白色分泌物流出。阴茎排液端可能有轻微结痂，未割包皮的男性，流出液可能导致阴茎的发红和刺激。

 

• Pain or burning while urinating           ·   小便时疼痛或灼热感

• Anal discharge.                                     ·   肛门流液

 

Men have symptoms more often than women. Symptoms usually occur within 2-10 days after sexual contact with an infected person. When the rectum, cervix or throat is infected there are usually no symptoms.

男性症状多于女性。症状通常发生在 2-10 天与感染者发生性接触后。当直肠， 子宫颈或咽喉有被感染时通常没有症状。

 

INCUBATION TIME

潜伏期

 

Two to seven days. If you experience symptoms within this time period then get them checked out immediately. Twenty-one days (three weeks) is the outside period between exposure and infection for Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia to develop, making it possible for you to test for both at the same time after 21 days from the time of first possible exposure.

1. 至 7 天。如果你在这个时期内有感觉症状，要立即进行检查。 21 天（三周）

之间的接触是淋病和衣原体的感染发展期，尽可能在第一次接触后的 21 天，同时检测两种细菌。

 

 

HOW IS IT CAUGHT?

是怎样传染上这种疾病的？

 

It is spread primarily by unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sex, but can also be passed during birth from mother to baby resulting in an eye infection for the baby.

主要是通过没有防范的阴道，肛门或口交传播，但也可以在婴儿出生时由母亲传给婴儿，造成婴儿眼睛的感染。

 

 

CAN GONORRHOEA BE TREATED?

淋病可以治疗吗？

 

Detection and Treatment

诊断和治疗

 

Diagnosis is made by a microscope examination and the taking of samples from infected areas. Once diagnosed, Gonorrhoea can be treated with antibiotic tablets.

诊断是收取疫区样本通过显微镜检查。一旦确诊，淋病可以用抗生素治疗。

 

 

What about my partner?

我的性伴侣要这么做？

If possible the sexual partner needs to be told so they can be treated too. The best advice is not to have sex until you are cleared. If you have sex you must use a condom.

 

如果可能的话需要告诉性伴侣，这样他们也可以得到治疗。最好的建议是不要有性行为，直到你清除了病菌。如果你有性行为，必须使用避孕套

 

 

HOW DO I PROTECT MYSELF AND MY CLIENT FROM GONORRHOEA?

如何保护我自己和我的客户不传染上淋病？

 

 

Prevention is by use of:

预防措施：

• Dental dams if the client wants to go down on you to create a barrier between the mouth and vagina or anal areas during sex.

• Condoms during vaginal, anal or oral sex.

 

 

 

 

• 如果客户想要继续下去，性交时在你的口腔，阴道或肛门之间的区域使用口腔膜形成一个屏障。

 

• 在阴道、肛门或口交时使用避孕套

 

WHAT IS CHLAMYDIA?

什么是衣原体？

 

Chlamydia is a bacterial infection of the mucous membranes lining the genitals, rectum, throat and sometimes the eyes or lungs.

 

衣原体是内生殖器、直肠、喉咙、有时是眼睛或肺部粘膜的细菌感染。

 

 

Chlamydia is the most common of all STIs in New Zealand. Its mild or nil symptoms mean that Chlamydia can go undetected without regular check- ups. The inflammation caused by Chlamydia increases your risk of becoming infected with other STIs. If left untreated Chlamydia can cause infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), miscarriages in women, and sterility and inflammation of the testicles in men. Appendicitis (a medical emergency characterised by the inflammation of the appendix) can also be caused by Chlamydia.

在新西兰衣原体是最常见的性传播感染疾病。衣原体感染，其症状轻微或无症状，在没有定期检查时，可能不被发现。由衣原体引起的炎症，增加你对其他性传播疾病感染的风险。如果不加于治疗衣原体感染会导致不育，盆腔炎症

（PID），女性自然流产，男性的不育症和睾丸炎。阑尾炎（急性阑尾炎）， 也可以由衣原体引起。

 

 

HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE CHLAMYDIA?

如何知道我是否患有衣原体？

 

Signs and symptoms for women include:

女性症状包括：

• An increase in vaginal discharge.      ·   阴道分泌物增加

 

• A need to pass urine more often or pain when doing so.

 

• 小便频繁或疼痛

 

• Pain in the lower abdomen.                 ·   下腹部疼痛

• Pain during sex.                                    ·   性交痛

 

• Irregular menstrual bleeding or bleeding after sex.

• Swelling and irritation in the eyes (if infected).

• A discharge or discomfort in the rectum.

 

• 不规则阴道出血或性交后出血。

 

• 眼睛肿胀和刺激感（如有感染）。

 

• 直肠流液或不适。

 

 

IMPORTANT: Chlamydia can be symptomless especially in women.

特点：衣原体可以无症状，尤其是在女性。

 

 

 

Signs and symptoms for men include:

男性症状和体征包括：

• A white/ cloudy and watery discharge from the penis. This will stain underwear.

 

 

 

 

• 白色/浑浊和水样液体从阴茎排出。将会污染内裤。

 

• Itching at the top of the penis.             ·   阴茎顶端发痒。

 

• Pain and/ or a burning sensation when passing urine.

 

• 小便时疼痛和/或灼热感。

 

• Painful swelling of the testicles.          ·   睾丸肿胀疼痛。

 

• A swelling and irritation in the eyes (if infected).

• A discharge or discomfort in the rectum.

 

• 眼睛肿胀和刺激感（如有感染）。

 

• 直肠流液或不适。

 

INCUBATION TIME

潜伏期

 

Seven to twenty-one days. If you experience symptoms within this time period then get them checked out immediately. Twenty-one days (three weeks) is the outside period between exposure and infection for Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia to develop, making it possible for you to test for both at the same time after 21 days from the time of first possible exposure.

7 到 21 天。如果你在这个时期内有症状，立即进行检查。在 21 天（三周）是与外界接触期，淋病和衣原体感染的发展期，尽可能使你自己在第一次接触后的 21 天内同时检测这两种感染.？

 

 

HOW IS IT CAUGHT?

是怎样感染上这个疾病的？

 

It is spread primarily by unprotected vaginal, oral or anal sex but can be passed during birth from mother to baby resulting in eye and chest infections for the baby.

它主要是通过无预防措施的阴道、口腔或肛门的性交传播，但亦可在婴儿出生时由母亲传给婴儿，造成婴儿的眼睛和肺部感染。

 

 

CAN CHLAMYDIA BE TREATED?

衣原体能治疗吗？

 

Detection and Treatment

检查和治疗

 

 

Detection is usually straightforward for both sexes requiring only a urine test (try avoiding going to the toilet over an hour or so before your test). If you are

 

pregnant or have your period, a low vaginal swab may need to be taken. Chlamydia normally clears up after a single treatment with antibiotics. It can be safely treated during pregnancy.

通常只需要简单的男女尿液测试（尽量避免在测试前或测试前一个多小时左右上厕所）。如果你怀孕或有月经，可能需要阴道低位拭子采样。通常在一次抗生素治疗后，可以清除衣原体。在怀孕期间的治疗可以是安全地。

 

What about my partner?

我的性伴侣要怎么做？

 

 

Recent sexual partners need to be treated. The best advice is not to have sex until you are cleared. If you do have sex you must use a condom.

最近的性伴侣需要处理。建议最好不要有进行性行为，直到你清除了感染。如果有性行为，你必须使用安全套。

 

 

HOW DO I PROTECT MYSELF AND MY CLIENT FROM CHLAMYDIA?

如何保护我自己和我的客户不传染上衣原体？

 

Prevention is by use of:

预防措施：

Dental dams if the client wants to go down on you to create a barrier between the mouth and vagina or anal areas during sex.

如果客户想要继续下去，性交时在你的口腔，阴道或肛门之间的区域使用口腔保护膜形成一个屏障。

 

Condoms during vaginal, anal or oral sex.

在阴道，肛门或口交时使用避孕套。

 

COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS

常见问题

 

 

Can I work with Gonorrhoea or Chlamydia?

 

有淋病和衣原体能工作吗？

 

Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia are both very contagious. If you must work, use protection when having sex or wait until the infection clears with the antibiotic treatment prescribed by your doctor.

淋病，衣原体两者的传染性非常强。如果你必须工作， 在有性行为时使用保护措施或等到医生的处方抗生素治疗清除了感染后。

 

 

 

Do I need to tell my boss?

 

 

我需要告诉我的老板吗？

 

Your boss only needs to know that you are sick and need time off from work. If you need a doctor's note instruct the doctor to not include the diagnosis and to specify the number of days you need off from work.  你的老板只需要知道你有病，需要停止工作。如果你需要医生的证明，让医生不泄露诊断，但你要按指定的天数停止工作。

 

 

 

Do I have to stop working?

 

It is recommended that you take time off work until you have cleared the infection. If you rest you will be able to recover faster.

 

我需要停止工作吗？   建议你停止工作，直到你彻底的清除了感染。如果你给自己休息，你会愈合得比较快

 

 

Should I tell my clients?

 

Since you will always use protection when having sex you shouldn't need to tell the client your current sexual health status. However, if a condom breaks during sex you should advise the client to get a sexual health check-up.

 

我应该告诉我的客人   由于在你有性活动时，你将始终使用保护措施，你不需

 

吗？               要告诉客户你目前的性健康状况。但是，如果在性交时避孕套破裂，你应该建议客人进行性健康检查。

 

 

Should I tell other people I work with?

 

 

 

 

我应该告诉我的同事吗？

 

You should keep some things in your life private and an STI should be one of them. Some people are relaxed about disclosing that they have an STI to workmates. However, this information can be spread around and move beyond your control.

你应该保留私人生活中的一些东西，性传播疾病

（STI）应是其中之一。有些人对此并不严格，而把你有性传播疾病的情况，透露给他们的工友。然而，这一信息可以传播并超越出你的控制。

 

 

 

 

MORE INFORMATION?

更多的信息

 

Contact NZPC, your local Sexual Health Clinic or Family Planning Association.

与新西兰妓女组织，你所在地的性健康门诊或计划生育委员会联系